Our History

It all started when the two founders Paul Watzlawick and Giorgio Nardone begin to formulate, in a completely original way, the model of brief strategic therapy, distinguishing it from other forms of brief psychotherapy of a systemic and Ericksonian or cognitive-behavioral type, defining its epistemological prerogatives. -theoretical and applicative, the research method, the logic of strategic problem solving and the strategies of therapeutic communication.
All this gave rise to what would later be the modern evolution of Brief Strategic Psychotherapy, presented to the general public in 1990 through the publication of the manifesto of the evolved approach The Art of Change. Manual of strategic therapy and hypnotherapy without trance, written by the two authors, translated into over 15 languages ​​with over 60 different editions.

Foundation of the Strategic Therapy Center

01/07/1987

Foundation of the Strategic Therapy Center

The collaboration between Giorgio Nardone and Paul Watzlawick becomes ever closer until the joint foundation of the Strategic Therapy Center of Arezzo as a research, training and psychotherapy institute, for the development and evolution of the Palo Alto School model towards a therapeutic technology more advanced.

The first results

25/07/1988

The first results

The first results of an intervention research on 42 cases of panic attacks with agoraphobia are published showing that more than 90% of patients had completely overcome their disorder within 10 sessions. (Nardone G., in "Propagations: Thirty Years of Influence From the Mental Research Institute", edited by Wendel Ray, Weakland, 1995).

The art of change

01/07/1990

The art of change

The modern evolution of Brief Strategic Psychotherapy without trance hypnotherapy is born and presented to the general public through the publication of the manifesto of the evolved approach, The art of change, written by the two authors, translated into over ten languages ​​and become a best / long seller of the Psychotherapy in which specific treatment protocols for phobic and obsessive-compulsive disorders are presented for the first time

Research-intervention results on phobic-obsessive disorders

01/07/1993

Research-intervention results on phobic-obsessive disorders

The intervention research on phobic and obsessive disorders Fear, panic, phobias, a study with 152 subjects with problems of panic attacks, agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder and hypochondriac fixations is published. Positive outcomes amounted to 86% (79% cases resolved and 7% cases much improved) with an average of 10 sessions.

Brief strategic therapy

30/06/1997

Brief strategic therapy

Publication of Strategic Brief Therapy, edited by Paul Watzlawick and Giorgio Nardone, where at that time the most advanced intervention techniques for the various forms of pathology are presented, with the contribution of the most important international figures.

Research-intervention results on eating disorders

30/06/1999

Research-intervention results on eating disorders

Giorgio Nardone, Tiziana Verbitz and Roberta Milanese write The Prisons of Food, a text in which the results of an applied empirical-experimental research carried out on a sample of 196 patients with eating disorders are exposed. Treatment protocols for anorexia, vomiting and bulimia are formulated.

Official Recognition School of Specialization in Psychotherapy

30/06/2000

Official Recognition School of Specialization in Psychotherapy

The training school of the short-term strategic psychotherapy model of Arezzo, already active since 1988, is recognized by the Ministry of Education, University and Research (MIUR) as a four-year post-graduate school of specialization in Brief Strategic Psychotherapy (dm 20.11.2000 .XNUMX)

Research-intervention results of family models and indirect therapy

25/07/2000

Research-intervention results of family models and indirect therapy

Following a prolonged study conducted not only in the clinical setting but also in institutional school and family contexts, modern models of family dynamics are identified, in particular it is highlighted for the first time how the Western family rests above all on relational dynamics of overprotection and permissiveness. Based on this, indirect therapy techniques have been developed, namely: treating the disease without the presence of the patient.

Update on the evolution of phobic-obsessive disorders

11/07/2003

Update on the evolution of phobic-obsessive disorders

Evolution Therapy of Panic Attack Disorder. The insights and therapeutic formulations of the previous decade find confirmation in Neuroscience.

Research on the results of Brief Strategic Therapy

25/07/2003

Research on the results of Brief Strategic Therapy

Presentation of the results of a longitudinal study based on the evaluation of the results relating to the efficacy and differential efficiency of all the treatment protocols for the different forms of psychopathology developed and applied in the previous decade on a total of 3484 patients. Results: 86% of cases resolved with an average of 9 sessions.

1st European Convention of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy

30/07/2003

1st European Convention of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy

The first European conference on Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy is organized in Arezzo with the participation of over 700 specialists from all over the world. Following the event, the network with the most important international exponents was born and Giorgio Nardone became the coordinator by direct election. The Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy European Review Journal is born.

Therapeutic stratagems

04/08/2003

Therapeutic stratagems

Giorgio Nardone elaborates, among the myriad of stratagems and theoretical applicative devices that can be found in both Eastern and Western literature, his own personal synthesis that includes tradition but also modern application, in order to identify basic criteria for the development of specific stratagems, as well as for the formation of strategic abilities. A sort of code of the art of stratagem.

Formulation of the technique of strategic dialogue

25/07/2004

Formulation of the technique of strategic dialogue

After a path of research, clinical application and consultancy carried out over more than fifteen years at the Strategic Therapy Center in Arezzo, the Strategic Dialogue is formulated, that is the advanced technique for conducting a single "therapeutic" interview capable of inducing radical changes the interlocutor, making the first session an effective therapeutic intervention

Research-intervention results on sexual dysfunctions

30/07/2004

Research-intervention results on sexual dysfunctions

In the text the mind against nature the treatment techniques for both male and female sexual problems are presented, demonstrating the applicability with extremely high positive results of the model also to this area of ​​psychological and relational distress.

2st European Convention of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy

01/07/2005

2st European Convention of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy

After the success of the first conference, the second edition of the European conference in Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy is organized in Arezzo with the participation of over 1000 people from 32 different countries.

International manuals of the Arezzo model

15/07/2005

International manuals of the Arezzo model

In 2005, the two texts, directly in American / English, Knowing through changing, were published at the same time. The evolution of brief strategic therapy and Brief strategic therapy. Philosophy, techniques, and research. International manuals of the Arezzo model, teaching texts in the most important universities of the 5 continents.

3st European Convention of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy

01/07/2007

3st European Convention of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy

The Strategic Therapy Center organizes, also in Arezzo, the third European conference of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy in which more than 1000 specialists in the sector participate.

Paradoxical diet

25/07/2007

Paradoxical diet

On the basis of the study through follow-up of the actual healings from restrictive and compulsive eating disorders, the idea of ​​a paradoxical diet is formulated which represents the point of arrival for these pathologies, at the same time the starting point for the search for a psychophysical balance in binge eating problems, bulimia, obesity.

Non-ordinary logic and psychotherapy

25/07/2009

Non-ordinary logic and psychotherapy

By virtue of the work carried out by Giorgio Nardone in the field of problem solving logic, which underlies the strategies and therapeutic stratagems, the model of strategic / non-ordinary logic is exposed in its formulation as an evolved logical / applicative model.

Formulation of the strategic problem solving model

04/08/2009

Formulation of the strategic problem solving model

After more than 15 years of elaboration and direct experiences, the strategic problem solving model is formulated both as an operational method for making changes and achieving set objectives even in non-clinical contexts or in pure artistic and sporting performance.

Research on the results of Brief Strategic Therapy

01/07/2010

Research on the results of Brief Strategic Therapy

Between 2010 and 2012 a systematic study was conducted on a sample of 636 subjects on the results of therapies performed at the Strategic Therapy Center in Arezzo conducted with the direct participation of 60 Psychologists and Doctors. Results: 88% of cases resolved, with an even higher efficacy for the areas of pathology: panic attacks (95%), obsessive-compulsive disorder (88%), eating disorders (83%).

1st World Conference of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy

01/07/2010

1st World Conference of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy

The first world conference of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy is organized in Chianciano Terme where the evolutions of the theoretical and applicative aspects of brief strategic therapy are presented, with an even higher number of participants from all 5 continents.

Pathological doubt

25/07/2011

Pathological doubt

The systematic study of obsessive-compulsive disorders and their therapy leads to distinguish a particular type: pathological doubt, or the perversion of intelligence that leads the subject to build real mental labyrinths of which he remains a prisoner trying to rationally give answers to irrational questions. It follows the development of a specific treatment protocol.

Helping parents help their children

25/07/2012

Helping parents help their children

Following the review of the work carried out by the numerous official collaborators in the previous two decades regarding indirect therapies, not only on children and adolescents but on the whole span of the family life cycle, a review of the therapeutic strategies and tricks tested is presented. as the most effective for the numerous difficulties that parents have to encounter in their relationships with their children as well as later children with their parents.

Compulsive eating disorders and self-harm

25/07/2012

Compulsive eating disorders and self-harm

The collaboration between the two experts, Matthew Selekman regarding self-injurious behaviors, Giorgio Nardone regarding compulsive eating disorders, has given rise to the formulation of a type of therapeutic intervention that was decidedly effective in this clinical area so intimidating for psychotherapists.

International Dictionary of Psychotherapy

01/07/2013

International Dictionary of Psychotherapy

Following the need to give Psychotherapy an image of a rigorous scientific-applicative discipline, Giorgio Nardone and Alessandro Salvini, with the collaboration of over 360 leading figures in the world of the various forms of Psychotherapy, edit the first and only International Dictionary of Psychotherapy published in Italian, Spanish and English.

Advanced obsessive-compulsive disorder therapy

25/07/2013

Advanced obsessive-compulsive disorder therapy

On the basis of a longitudinal research of over twenty years, on a sample of over 1000 cases of obsessive-compulsive disorders in their variants, the evolved strategic brief therapy of this disorder differentiated by its different forms is presented, with validated therapeutic outcomes that the make the best practice in the clinical field.

2st World Conference of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy

01/07/2014

2st World Conference of Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy

“The magic of words and gestures. The power of relationship and communication ”is the title of the second world conference of the Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy world Network held in Florence with over 150 speakers and over 1000 participants from all over the world.

Diet not diet

25/07/2014

Diet not diet

In collaboration with the most representative scientists of Italian nutrition, Giorgio Nardone and Elisa Valteroni curate a text in which the most advanced nutritional models and the psychological dynamics behind the individual difficulties in keeping fit are presented.

The science of lifestyle

25/07/2015

The science of lifestyle

The collaboration between Luca Speciani and Giorgio Nardone, by virtue of their prolonged clinical experience, highlights the importance for every therapeutic approach of leading to the acquisition by the subject of a persistent "lifestyle" that guarantees not only its effectiveness of the therapies to which he has been subjected but also his individual well-being.

Panic Attack Therapy. Further verification of the model

25/07/2016

Panic Attack Therapy. Further verification of the model

Based on an analysis of the results of a sample of over 15.000 cases of panic disorders treated by Giorgio Nardone and his collaborators, the treatment protocol is presented which has proven to be the most effective and efficient therapy for this type of disorder.

Juvenile anorexia. Effective, efficient and validated therapy

01/07/2017

Juvenile anorexia. Effective, efficient and validated therapy

Publication of “Anorexia giovanile” dedicated to the presentation of the latest developments in the advanced therapeutic model for eating disorders, the result of the evolutions and new therapeutic formulations resulting from the incessant clinical and research activity conducted at the Strategic Therapy Center of Arezzo and its branches around the world. Also available in English

The Strategic Therapy Center
celebrates 30 years

30/07/2017

The Strategic Therapy Center celebrates 30 years

Thirty years after the foundation of the Strategic Therapy Center, founded by Giorgio Nardone and Paul Watzlawick, the institute has decided to celebrate this important anniversary by organizing a Symposium on an ancient theme but at the same time perpetually present in our private and professional life entitled "The dialogues of change"

The superiority of brief strategic psychotherapy in the treatment of binge eating

30/11/2018

The superiority of brief strategic psychotherapy in the treatment of binge eating

New scientific research published by the American Psychological Association (APA) highlights how brief strategic psychotherapy is more effective than cognitive behavioral psychotherapy in the treatment of binge eating.

The study of emotions

31/10/2019

The study of emotions

An exploration of the complexity of reality and the psychological interaction between us and the world. When fear and pain, anger and pleasure take on dysfunctional forms or limit our performance, according to a strategic and change-oriented therapeutic approach, we should learn to "ride our inner tiger," transforming limitations into extremely powerful resources, building an alliance between intelligence and instinct, reason and feeling, calculation and emotion.

Hypnotherapy without trance: the systematic study of performative communication

09/07/2020

Hypnotherapy without trance: the systematic study of performative communication

Paul Watzlawick defined "hypnosis without trance" as a form of communication—verbal and nonverbal—capable of generating a state of profound suggestion in the recipient. Applied to psychotherapy, it is called hypnotherapy without trance. Descended from the ancient art of persuasion, these techniques, refined and validated over 40 years of clinical practice, have proven extraordinarily effective in Brief Strategic Psychotherapy.

Pragmatics of digital communication

10/12/2020

Pragmatics of digital communication

Paul Watzlawick defined "hypnosis without trance" as a form of communication—verbal and nonverbal—capable of generating a state of profound suggestion in the recipient. Applied to psychotherapy, it is called hypnotherapy without trance. Descended from the ancient art of persuasion, these techniques, refined and validated over 40 years of clinical practice, have proven extraordinarily effective in Brief Strategic Psychotherapy.

The Wounded Mind: Moving Through Pain to Overcome It

10/06/2021

The Wounded Mind: Moving Through Pain to Overcome It

The topic of post-traumatic stress disorder is revisited, updated with respect to the contents of the book Changing the Past and exploring the evolution of therapeutic techniques. Working with people scarred by traumatic and painful experiences means addressing their perceptual and emotional modalities in a targeted manner, helping them, as appropriate, to relocate events in the past, manage a distressing present, or rediscover a future that seems to be fading, losing meaning, or taking on an unbearable sense of loss.  

Systematic research and scientific publications are growing

10/05/2022

Systematic research and scientific publications are growing

There is a steady increase in studies, articles, and clinical cases published in international scientific journals, confirming the growing empirical validation of Brief Strategic Therapy. Among the main publications: Brief Strategic Therapy for Bulimia Nervosa and Binge Eating Disorder (Pietrabissa et al., 2019) Brief Strategic Therapy in Panic Disorder Treatment (Iengo, 2019) The Brief Strategic Treatment of Cardiophobia: A Clinical Case Study (Pietrabissa et al., 2020) Epistemology, History, and Foundations of Brief Strategic Therapy. Giorgio Nardone's Model(Bartoli & De La Cruz Gil, 2022) The Efficacy of Brief Strategic Therapy in Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Case Series(Proietti et al., 2022) Eficacia de la Terapia Breve Estratégica en el Trastorno de Pánico(Javier Rodríguez Lara et al., 2022) Specific Phobia under the Brief Strategic Therapy(Guerrero et al., 2023) Treatment of a Binge Eating Disorder(Pimentel, 2023) Influence of Humberto Maturana's Epistemology on Brief Psychotherapy and Mental Health(De La Cruz Gil & Bartoli, 2023) Psicoterapia Aplicada a la Psiquiatría en Latinoamérica: la Terapia Breve Estratégica(Arango-Dávila et al., 2023) Effectiveness and effectiveness of brief strategic therapy in the treatment of phobias (De La Cruz-Gil et al., 2025)  

Third World Conference of the Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy World Network (BSST) – Best practice: evolutionary adaptations of therapeutic technique in response to the evolution of psychopathologies

02/06/2022

Third World Conference of the Brief Strategic and Systemic Therapy World Network (BSST) – Best practice: evolutionary adaptations of therapeutic technique in response to the evolution of psychopathologies

For the first time, the conference took on a truly global dimension: it was held in person in Italy, with direct connections to the conference halls of the official headquarters of the Strategic Therapy Center and with the participation of numerous other halls organized by affiliated institutes around the world. A global event to share and compare best clinical practices internationally.  

Breathless. Panic from Air Hunger and Its Treatment

20/06/2023

Breathless. Panic from Air Hunger and Its Treatment

A systematic study on the treatment of dyspnea and shortness of breath has been published: a specific protocol for addressing this widespread yet often poorly managed disorder. Too often, doctors refer patients to psychotherapists and vice versa, in a back-and-forth that leaves patients without an effective solution. In reality, a targeted therapy exists, based on the idea that the vicious cycle between pathological fear and dysfunctional breathing can, and must, be broken.  

The Study of Nikephobia: Understanding and Treating the Fear of Winning

04/06/2024

The Study of Nikephobia: Understanding and Treating the Fear of Winning

Victory is at the forefront of everyone's minds, whether in sports, law, work, elections, school, or even love. But in the dark and often forgotten recesses of our inner selves, the fear of winning can lurk. Athletes, performers, managers, and ordinary people, just one step away from the finish line, freeze. They stumble over the fear of not being up to par or the rejection of the responsibilities associated with success. Nikephobia manifests itself as a paradoxical resistance that requires targeted interventions: therapeutic strategies capable of shifting perception and opening new avenues for action. To get back on track and win; or abandon it, with serenity.  

The Art of Negotiation: Overcoming Conflict and Creating Agreements in Every Area of ​​Life

07/02/2025

The Art of Negotiation: Overcoming Conflict and Creating Agreements in Every Area of ​​Life

Giorgio Nardone and Stefano Bartoli propose a concrete and effective method for tackling any type of negotiation, in both clinical and non-clinical settings, in a paper also presented to the Chamber of Deputies. There is no area of ​​our lives that doesn't involve confrontation, debate, or negotiation. The ability to negotiate is a cornerstone of human coexistence: knowing how to discuss, reach agreement, and build shared solutions makes it possible to live, work, love, and prosper. It's an invitation to remind ourselves that, often, it's more important to agree than to be right.  

Anorexia

09/05/2025

Anorexia

Elisa Valteroni, team leader at the Strategic Therapy Center in Arezzo, has authored the first comprehensive manual dedicated to the treatment of eating disorders, filling important gaps in the scientific literature. She proposes an effective therapeutic model, validated by numerous clinical cases, which answers the key questions surrounding the understanding and treatment of these disorders. With an in-depth and up-to-date analysis, she explores a broad spectrum of symptoms, from anorexia nervosa to bulimia, from binge eating to vomiting to binge eating syndrome, highlighting how treatment protocols can be both systematic and personalized.  

Presentation of new scientific studies at the 56th International Conference of the Society for Psychotherapy Research in Poland (SPR)

27/06/2025

Presentation of new scientific studies at the 56th International Conference of the Society for Psychotherapy Research in Poland (SPR)

At the 56th International Conference of the Society for Psychotherapy Research, held in Krakow, four scientific contributions were presented that strengthen the empirical basis of Brief Strategic Therapy: Brief Strategic Therapy Effectiveness for the Treatment of Bulimia and Binge Eating (Jackson, J.B., Garcia Ramos, D., Pietrabissa, G., Castelnuovo, G., & Gibson, P. 2025, June); Brief Strategic Therapy Efficacy for the Treatment of Panic Disorder (Garcia Ramos, D., Jackson, J.B., & Rodríguez Lara, F. J., 2025, June); and Problem Resolution Scale: A Single-Item Instrument for Easily Assessing Clinical Improvement (Monson, C., Kearon, E., Jackson, Jackson, J.B., Vitry, G., Pakrosnis, R., Gallin, E., & Hoyt, M.F. 2025, June). Effectiveness and Efficiency of Brief Strategic Therapy: A Comparison of In-person, Online, and Hybrid Treatment Delivery Modalities (Jackson, J.B., Pakrosnis, R., Vitry, G., Harrison, Z., Gibson, P., Portelli, C., Papantuono, M., Monson, C., & Kearon, E., 2025, June).  

Presentation of new scientific studies at the National Council on Family Relations in Baltimore, Maryland (USA)

14/11/2025

Presentation of new scientific studies at the National Council on Family Relations in Baltimore, Maryland (USA)

Scientific publications and presentations at various conferences and universities around the world continue. Brief strategic therapy effectiveness for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. (Jackson, JB, Kee, S., Monson, CJ, & Gibson, P. 2025).